More about Kubernetes in Azure
- Kubernetes in Azure: Architecture and Service Options
- Azure Containers: Top 4 Options for Running Containers on Azure
- GKE vs AKS: Compared on Availability, Security, Tooling & More
- Azure Container Instances vs Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS): How to Choose
- Azure Container Instance (ACI): The Basics and a Quick Tutorial
November 7, 2021
Topics: Cloud Volumes ONTAPAzure NetApp Files Elementary6 minute read
What is Kubernetes in Azure?
Kubernetes is a fast-growing platform for managing containerized applications, storage, and networking components. It allows developers and administrators to focus on application workloads, not infrastructure components. Kubernetes provides a convenient, declarative way to deploy large numbers of containers, with a powerful set of APIs for management tasks.
Kubernetes can be complex to install and maintain, especially when running in production and at an enterprise scale. To reduce the complexity of key management and deployment operations, such as scalability and Kubernetes updates, you can use Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), which offers managed Kubernetes services.
To simplify the process, Azure manages the AKS control plane, and customers pay only for the AKS nodes the application runs on. AKS is based on the Azure Kubernetes Service Engine, which was released by Microsoft as open source.
This is part of an extensive series of guides about https IaaS.
In this article, you will learn:
- Azure Kubernetes: Reference Architecture
- Kubernetes on Azure: Tools and Services
- Kubernetes in Azure with Cloud Volumes ONTAP
- Kubernetes in Azure with Azure NetApp Files
Azure Kubernetes: Reference Architecture
To illustrate how Kubernetes is typically implemented on Azure, Microsoft provides a reference architecture, which is a Microsoft application implemented in Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS). This reference architecture can be a starting point for most implementations.
Source: Azure
The reference architecture is composed of:
- Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)—at the center of the architecture is AKS.
- Kubernetes cluster—a cluster running your workloads, deployed on AKS. With AKS you only manage agent nodes; AKS assumes responsibility for the Kubernetes control plane.
- Virtual network—AKS creates a virtual network in which agent nodes can be deployed. In advanced scenarios, you can create a virtual network first, to give you more control over configuration of subnets, local connections, IP addresses, etc.
- Ingress—the ingress provides an HTTP/HTTPS path to access cluster services. Behind it, you will typically deploy an API Gateway to manage authentication and authorization.
- Azure Load Balancer—created when the NGINX ingress controller is implemented. Used to route incoming traffic to the ingress.
- External data storage—microservices are usually stateless and save data to external data stores, such as relational databases like Azure SQL Database or NoSQL stores like Cosmos DB.
- Azure Active Directory (AD)—AKS has its own Azure AD identity, used to generate and control Azure resources for Kubernetes deployments. In addition to these mechanisms, Microsoft recommends using Azure AD to establish user authentication in client applications that use the Kubernetes cluster.
- Azure Container Registry (ACR)—used to store your organization’s Docker images and use them to deploy containers to the cluster. ACR can also leverage authentication by Azure AD. Another option is to store Docker images in a third party registry, like DockerHub.
- Azure Pipelines—part of the Azure DevOps service, and can help you automate the build/test/deployment cycle. Alternatively, you can use a third-party CI/CD solution like Jenkins.
- Helm—the Kubernetes package manager. You can use it to combine Kubernetes objects into a package for easier distribution and versioning.
- Azure Monitor—collects and stores logs from Azure services that interact with your Kubernetes cluster, including AKS controllers, nodes, and containers. You can use this data to monitor applications, configure alerts and dashboards, and analyze the root causes of errors.
Related content: Improving Kubernetes Performance on Azure with Azure NetApp Files
Kubernetes on Azure: Tools and Services
Azure Kubernetes Service
The Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) facilitates the deployment of managed Kubernetes clusters in Azure. AKS offloads critical tasks from developers and administrators, such as health monitoring and maintenance.
When running on AKS, you only need to manage agent nodes, and pay only for agent nodes. There is no charge for Kubernetes master nodes—these are configured and deployed automatically. You can configure other features, including Azure AD integration, advanced networking, and monitoring.
You can use the Azure CLI, or the Azure Portal, to create AKS clusters. Another option is to use infrastructure as code (IaC) solutions like Azure Resource Manager templates or TerraForm.
Related Content: How-To Configure Persistent Volumes for Containers in AKS
Azure Container Instances
Containers are becoming the preferred means of packaging, deploying and managing cloud applications. Azure Container Instances provide a convenient way to manage containers in Azure, without managing virtual machines. Container instances start in seconds, because they have much less overhead than Azure VMs.
You can import images of Linux or Windows containers from DockerHub, your personal Azure Container Registry, or any other Docker registry. Azure Container Instances has a cache of popular images of base operating systems, helping you deploy custom images faster.
Related Content:
- Azure Container Instance (ACI) Basics and a Quick Tutorial
- Azure Container Instances vs Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
Azure Service Fabric
Service Fabric offers a distributed platform that lets you package and deploy microservices applications composed of containers. Service Fabric addresses many of the major challenges of cloud native development.
Azure Service Fabric focuses on building stateful services. You can take advantage of the service framework programming model, or run containerized services with stateful requirements, using the language or code of your choice. You can also create Service Fabric clusters on local Linux machines, Windows Server, or other public cloud platforms.
Service Fabric is used to power many core Microsoft services, including Microsoft Power BI, Azure SQL Database, Cosmos DB, Dynamics 365, and Skype.
Azure Container Registry
Azure Container Registry (ACR) is a privately hosted Docker registry service, built on the open source Docker Registry 2.0. Create and manage Azure container registries to store and manage your organization’s private Docker images.
You can also use ACR Tasks to build containers on demand from images, automate your builds according to events like commits to your source code repository, or updates to base images.
Azure Dev Spaces
The Azure Dev Spaces service provides a fast, iterative Kubernetes development environment for teams using AKS. Azure Dev Spaces allows you to troubleshoot and test all application components in AKS, without needing to set up development machines or setting up dependencies.
With Azure Dev Spaces you can automatically generate Docker and Kubernetes artifacts for a project, making it easy to add new and existing Kubernetes applications to a development effort.
Kubernetes in Azure with Cloud Volumes ONTAP
NetApp Cloud Volumes ONTAP, the leading enterprise-grade storage management solution, delivers secure, proven storage management services on AWS, Azure and Google Cloud. Cloud Volumes ONTAP capacity can scale into the petabytes, and it supports various use cases such as file services, databases, DevOps or any other enterprise workload, with a strong set of features including high availability, data protection, storage efficiencies, Kubernetes integration, and more.
In particular, Cloud Volumes ONTAP supports Kubernetes Persistent Volume provisioning and management requirements of containerized workloads.
Learn more about how Cloud Volumes ONTAP helps to address the challenges of containerized applications in these Kubernetes Workloads with Cloud Volumes ONTAP Case Studies.
Kubernetes in Azure with Azure NetApp Files
Azure NetApp Files is a Microsoft Azure file storage service built on NetApp technology, giving you the file capabilities in Azure even your core business applications require.
Get enterprise-grade data management and storage to Azure so you can manage your workloads and applications with ease, and move all of your file-based applications to the cloud.
Azure NetApp Files solves availability and performance challenges for enterprises that want to move mission-critical applications to the cloud, including workloads like HPC, SAP, Linux, Oracle and SQL Server workloads, Windows Virtual Desktop, and more.
In particular, Azure NetApp Files allows you to migrate more applications to Azure–even your business-critical workloads–with extreme file throughput with sub-millisecond response times.
Learn More About Kubernetes in Azure
Read more in our series of guides about Kubernetes in Azure.
Azure Kubernetes Cluster: Deploy Your First Cluster on Azure
Kubernetes clusters contain resources, including one pode or more. These pods serve specific functions or share certain data—they have unique roles. To deploy Kubernetes clusters in the Azure cloud you can use Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS). Learn how to do this in this article, which guides you through the steps and practices of deploying and securing Azure Kubernetes clusters.
Read more: Azure Kubernetes Cluster: Deploy Your First Cluster on Azure
Out-of-This-World Kubernetes Performance on Azure with Azure NetApp Files
Kubernetes can be overly complex when deploying enterprise-grade operations in production. To provide a high level of performance, ,Microsoft partnered with NetApp to introduce a new service: Azure NetApp Files (ANF). This article explains how to easily achieve ultra-low latency and high performance.
Read more: Out-of-This-World Kubernetes Performance on Azure with Azure NetApp Files
Address Persistent Storage Woes in Azure Kubernetes Service
Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) enables you to deploy, configure, and manage Kubernetes on the Azure platform. You get a wide range of functionalities that simplify migrations of on-premise workloads to Azure, as well as control for easy management. To ensure stability for data access, you can use Azure NetApp Files (ANF) as a storage layer. Learn how to achieve persistence with this first-party service, which is powered by NetApp and managed by Microsoft.
Read more: Address Persistent Storage Woes in Azure Kubernetes Service
Azure Container Instance: The Basics and a Quick Tutorial
Azure Container Instances (ACI) is a service that allows you to run containers directly on the Microsoft Azure public cloud, without requiring the use of virtual machines (VMs). Learn about Azure Container Instance (ACI) features, how it compares to container orchestrators, and learn to create your first container instances.
Read more: Azure Container Instance: The Basics and a Quick Tutorial
Azure Container Instances vs Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS): How to Choose
Azure Container Instances (ACI) offers an easy way to run containers in the Azure cloud, eliminating the need to manage virtual machines (VMs). Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) lets you deploy managed Kubernetes clusters in Azure. Learn about the differences between ACI and AKS in terms of pricing, scalability, security, and more.
Read more: Azure Container Instances vs Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS): How to Choose
GKE vs AKS: Compared on Availability, Security, Tooling, and More
Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) and Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) are both managed Kubernetes services offered by leading cloud providers. Understand the differences between and how to choose the right solution for your organization.
Read more: GKE vs AKS: Compared on Availability, Security, Tooling, and More
Azure Containers: Top 4 Options for Running Containers on Azure
Microsoft Azure offers several services designed specially to help you run containerized applications. Learn about the top Azure container services, including Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) and Azure Container Instances (ACS).
Read more: Azure Containers: Top 4 Options for Running Containers on Azure
See Our Additional Guides on Key IaaS Topics
Together with our content partners, we have authored in-depth guides on several other topics that can also be useful as you explore the world of IaaS.
Cloud Migration
Learn about cloud migration and what major challenges to expect when implementing a cloud migration strategy in your organization.
See top articles in our cloud migration strategy guide:
- Cloud Migration Tools: Transferring Your Data with Ease
- Cloud Data Integration 101: Benefits, Challenges, and Tools
- 3 Cloud Migration Approaches and Their Pros and Cons
AWS Migration
Learn about Amazon’s basic framework for migration, and how to plan for common challenges that affect almost every migration project.
See top articles in our AWS migration guide:
- 5 Steps to the Cloud: AWS Migration Checklist
- AWS Case Studies with NetApp Cloud Volumes ONTAP
- AWS Database Migration Service: Copy-Paste Your Database to Amazo
AWS High Availability
Discover how highly available systems are reliable and resilient and see how AWS can help you achieve high availability for cloud workloads, across 3 dimensions.
See top articles in our AWS high availability guide:
- AWS Availability Zones: Architecture and Considerations for Planning Your Deployment
- AWS Data Loss Prevention: 5 Strategies and 5 Tools You Can Use
- AWS GovCloud Services: Sensitive and Classified Data on the Public Cloud
AWS EBS
Learn what is AWS EBS and how to perform common EBS operations. Including five highly useful EBS features that can help you optimize performance and billing.
See top articles in our guide to AWS EBS:
- Are You Getting Everything You Can from AWS EBS Volumes?: Optimizing Your Storage Usage
- AWS EBS Volume Backup with EBS Snapshots
- Cloning Amazon EBS Volumes: A Solution to the AWS EBS Cloning Problem
AWS Cost
Learn how Amazon Web Services (AWS) prices its cloud services and what you can do to optimize your costs in the Amazon cloud.
See top articles in our AWS cost optimization guide:
- AWS Storage Costs: All in One Place
- AWS Calculator: Step By Step
- AWS Cost Saving Guidebook Shows How You Can Optimize EBS Costs
AWS EFS
Learn about AWS EFS, your backup options, how to optimize performance, see a brief comparison of EFS vs EBS vs S3, and discover how Cloud Volumes ONTAP can help.
See top articles in our guide to AWS EFS:
- EFS Performance Do’s and Don’ts
- Understanding AWS Shared Storage for Files, Block Storage, Object Storage and VDI
- AWS NFS File Shares with Amazon EFS: 5 Key Considerations
- What are Spot Instances?
Azure Migration
Learn about aspects of considerations when implementing Azure migration: migration models, state assessment, storage configuration, security, and maintenance.
See top articles in our Azure migration guide:
- 11-Step Azure Migration Checklist
- Moving Clouds: Migration from AWS to Azure and Azure to AWS
- Azure Migration Tools: One-Click Migration for VMs and Data
Azure Cost Management
Learn about tools and practices that can help you manage and optimize costs on the Microsoft Azure cloud.
See top articles in our Azure cost management:
- Azure Cost Management: Visualize, Predict and Optimize Your Azure Bill
- Azure Cost Optimization: 12 Ways to Save on Azure
- Azure Storage Pricing: Blobs, Files, Tables and Managed Disks
Azure High Availability
High availability is one of the major benefits of cloud services. The guarantee that your data will remain accessible is critical to supporting high priority workloads and applications and is the reason many move to the cloud in the first place.
This guide explains what high availability is and how to optimize Azure high availability.
See top articles in our Azure high availability guide:
- Azure Availability Zones: An In-Depth Look
- Azure High Availability with Cloud Volumes ONTAP
- Azure Proximity Placement Groups and Cloud Volumes ONTAP
SAP on Azure
Learn about all SAP solutions offered as a service on Azure, including HANA, S/4HANA, NetWeaver and Hybris, migration considerations and best practices.
See top articles in our guide to SAP on Azure:
- SAP HANA Architecture: Components, Storage Types, and Cloud Offerings
- Start Your SAP on Microsoft Azure Cloud Journey
- SAP HANA Certification for Azure NetApp Files
Linux on Azure
Learn how to use Linux on Azure, including guides for cloud-based enterprise Linux deployments and performance tips.
See top articles in our guide to Linux on Azure:
- Solve Enterprise Linux File Requirements in Azure
- Build Your Own Enterprise NFS Service
- Linux on Azure Workload Migration: Challenges and Solutions
HPC on Azure
Discover services and techniques for cloud-based HPC, including unique Azure HPC features and use cases.
See top articles in our guide to HPC on Azure:
- Cloud Architects: Supercharge Your HPC Workloads in Azure
- Migrate Legacy Apps to the Cloud
- Solve Azure HPC Challenges eBook
VDI on Azure
Learn what options are available for VDI on Azure. Understand how the architecture works and discover best practices for VDI deployments.
See top articles in our guide to VDI on Azure:
- FSLogix: An In-Depth Look
- Azure Windows Virtual Desktop: How to Setup, Deploy, and Manage a Cloud-Based VDI
- Azure VDI Pricing: Understand Windows Virtual Desktop Costs
Google Cloud Migration
Learn how to migrate your workloads and data to Google Cloud, including in-depth comparisons between GCP and other cloud providers, tools, strategies, costs, and more.
See top articles in our guide on Google Cloud migration:
- AWS vs Azure vs Google Cloud: Choosing the Best Cloud Provider for You
- Google Cloud Costs: Understanding and Managing Your GCP Bill
- Google Cloud Migration Tools: Copying 1GB or 500TB? Learn How
VMware Cloud
Learn how VMware partners with public cloud providers to help users run virtualized workloads in a cloud environment.
See top articles in our guide on VMware Cloud:
- VMware on Azure: One-Step Migration to the Cloud
- VMware on Google Cloud: A Deployment Roadmap
- VMware on AWS: Architecture and Service Options
AWS FSx
Learn about Amazon FSx, a fully managed service that lets you run managed Windows Server and Lustre file systems to support high performance and high throughput data scenarios.
- FSx for Windows: An In-Depth Look
- AWS FSx Pricing Explained with Real-Life Examples
- FSx for Lustre: Use Cases, Architecture, and Deployment Options
Google Cloud Pricing
Learn how Google Cloud prices its cloud services and what you can do to optimize and reduce your costs in Google Cloud.
- Google Cloud Storage Pricing: Get the Best Bang for Your Buckets
- Google Cloud SQL Pricing, and Limits: A Cheat Sheet for Cost Optimization
- Understanding Google Cloud Storage Costs
Kubernetes on AWS
Learn how to run Kubernetes clusters and containerized applications in AWS, using the Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS), Amazon Fargate, and related services.